AstaroTheatro December 2016
Friday 2 December, 20:30
Tenedle Extended
Live 2016
The best of Tenedle
Electronic Music
Songwriting
Visual Art
Support Music Support the Arts Support Theatre
Support Indipendent and Engaged Culture
Support Tenedle Support AstaroTheatro
€ 8
Saturday 3 December at 17:00 and Sunday 11 December at 17:00 (matinees)
[P]roteus (bis) at VondelBunker
inspired by the lost satyr play ‘Proteus’ by Aeschylus
performed 458 BC together with ‘The Oresteia’
Directed by Zbigniew Maciak in collaboration with the actors
Proteus: Roberto Bacchilega
Silenus: Juan C. Tajes
Menelaus: Roberto Genta
Echo: Eleftheria Vakaki
The Chorus of Satyrs: Joost van Oosterhout and Arif Murat Gür
Recordings: Jonathan Brown and Joost van Oosterhout
Barrels and Towers: Martina and Björn Gudmundson
Mask and Breast Plate: design by Juan C. Tajes, realized by Anna van ‘t Hoog
Poster Design: Martin Hrdina
Pictures: Tatjana Todorovic
An AstaroTheatro Production
Vondblbunker VondelPark Amsterdam
The VondelBunker entrance is located at the furthest right entrance of the bridge
Check the Facebook events:
3 December
11 December
Entrance: Free! Donation afterwards are welcome.
Door open: 16.30
Start: 17.00
Friday 9 December at Joe’s Garage
Friday 16 December at Spinhuis
Marx is Back (a Play on History)
MARX IS BACK (a play on history)
“Why have I returned? to clear my name!”
Friday 9 December, 20:30 at Joe’s Garage
Pretoriusstraat 43hs Amsterdam
Friday 16 December, 20:30 at Het Spinhuis (under the Multatuli Bridge)
Singel 165a Amsterdam
AstaroTheatro presents a monologue by Howard Zinn adapted and performed by Roberto Bacchilega
Karl Marx has had enough of seeing his revolution taken over by opportunists organizing each time a new priesthood and a new hierarchy, with excommunications and indexes, with inquisitions and firing squads. He is disgusted by media declaring him dead again and again. Karl Marx is back to remind us that his ideas are more alive than ever. He revisits memories of his courageous life and revolutionary theories. We learn about his family, his struggles and the boils on his arse.
Marx is Back is the opening of a themed evening with open discussion.
‘How far nowadays capitalism has gone. Ideas for resistance and the meaning of revolution in our times’
AstaroTheatro October and November 2016
Saturday 5 November, 20:30
Docu-Film: Article 13
” The word Refugees always brings a lot of conflicting emotions. But what is hidden behind that word? Luca Paroni wanted to know it better, and decided to start his journey around that word! It was a journey “around the world” and around a “particular world”: the one of refugees and asylum seeker in the Netherlands.
Migration has always been a human instinct.
Talal and Jalal are two migrants who went succesfully through the asylum request process in Netherlands. Maryama, from Somalia, in the Netherlands since 5 years, still didn’t get any paper. Sjoerd (PvDA party) and Sharon (SP party) are two dutch politicians.Migration influences life of migrants but also life of the so called native population. Nowaday regulation, laws, government directives define if people are entitle to enter and stay in a country and under which circumstance.
Open discussion after the film
Free Entrance
Saturday 12 November, 20:30
Alli Mana Pá K’eho at Spinhuis
Our Poetry Music Word and Body Performance goes to Spinhuis under the bridge
Beyond meanings and beyond borders
Spinhuis (under the Multatuli Bridge)
Singel 165a Amsterdam
A multi-language word performance on poetry, time, commemoration and the art of forgetting.
“A human is alike the place he lives
alike the water, alike the soil of the place…
…alike its country…
And alike to its words”
“If I know that I have a place, just like a black stone,
a dry branch does, in this ash-colored earth” Mehmet Çetin
Anna Papagiannaki Divani (English)
Lisa Luca (Italian / Sicilian)
Vasiliki Koutrouli (Greek)
Arif Murat Gür (Turkish)
Simona Beltrami (French)
Roberto Bacchilega (English / Italian)
Silvia Terribili (Italian)
Hüseyin Şahin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Mehmet Çetin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
With poems by: T.S. Eliot, Franco Battiato, Vasilis Trikoupis, Edip Cansever, Marguerite Yourcenar, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Katerina Angelaki-Rook, Edoardo Sanguineti, George Orwell and own poems by: Mehmet Çetin, Hüseyin Şahin and Silvia Terribili
With music by: Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
An AstaroTheatro Production
Free Entrance
Friday 18 November, 20:30
The Secret of Music
Music is everywhere.
What is her secret?
What makes her so omnipresent, universal and important to us?
A sounding lecture by Prof. Russolo to expose and fathom this beautiful phenomenon.
Free Entrance
Saturday 29 October, 20:30
More Stories from Nowhere
Story-Telling by Joaquim Pedro Ferreira
These are more stories from nowhere.
The crowds asked for more stories and more stories decided to come.
New stories aching to be told.
Joaquim is collecting all the variants he can find of the same story, comparing them and crafting his own taking of these particular stories.
These stories from everywhere are now merged into a possible archetype of the Story and now they are from nowhere.
The Stories from Nowhere.
Come listen to them.
They’re aching to grab an ear.
It’s for free.
Unless you decide to have a beer or two…
AstaroTheatro September 2016
Friday 23 September, 20:30
The Stories from Nowhere
story-telling with Joaquim Pedro Ferreira
These are the stories from nowhere.
One day, many years ago, Joaquim discovered that many of his stories have variants every language and every place.
Since then Joaquim is collecting all the variants he can find of the same story, comparing them and crafting his own taking of these particular stories.
These stories from everywhere are now merged into a possible archetype of the Story and now they are from nowhere.
The Stories from Nowhere.
Come listen to them.
They’re aching to grab an ear.
It’s for free.
Unless you decide to have a beer…
Entrance by donation
Free Fringe Festival Amsterdam 2016
Free Fringe Festival – Program at AstaroTheatro
Thursday 1st September, 20:30
Grand Opening Free Fringe Festival: Hellfire Club at AstaroTheatro
20:30 Opening of Zeevonk Art Exhibition by Astrid Meijs
followed by The Hellfire Club:
Join us for a cabaret night of the Devil knows what to celebrate opening night of Free Fringe Festival Amsterdam throbbing with talent just waiting to burst out of its leotard.
With music from ghstsnguitars & Rene Paes
The Slow Stain of the World Theatre Performance & songs by Sin Sin Collective
& The Bollywood Dancers
A splendid time to be had by all! Strictly no peeking behind the curtain.
Saturday 3rd and Friday 9th September, 20:30
Alli Mana Pá K’eho
I do not have another mother
A multi-language word performance on poetry, time, commemoration and the art of forgetting.
“A human is alike the place he lives
alike the water, alike the soil of the place…
…alike its country…
And alike to its words”
“If I know that I have a place, just like a black stone,
a dry branch does, in this ash-colored earth” Mehmet Çetin
Anna Papagiannaki Divani (English)
Lisa Luca (Italian / Sicilian)
Vasiliki Koutrouli (Greek)
Arif Murat Gür (Turkish)
Simona Beltrami (French)
Roberto Bacchilega (Italian)
Silvia Terribili (Italian)
Alexandra Zoi (Greek)
Hüseyin Şahin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Mehmet Çetin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
With poems by: T.S. Eliot, Franco Battiato, Vasilis Trikoupis, Edip Cansever, Marguerite Yourcenar, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Katerina Angelaki-Rook, Edoardo Sanguineti, Spyros Vrettos, George Orwell and own poems by: Mehmet Çetin, Hüseyin Şahin and Silvia Terribili
With music by: Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
Saturday 10th September, 20:30
THE PILLOW BOOK
by V.V. (inspired by the author Sei Shōnagon) is a book of personal observations and thoughts, confessions, music, poetry around the life of two people’s past, present and future possibilities.
An artistic composition that intends to “play” with the opposites: love – hate | build – destroy | order – disorder | freedom – prison | joy – sadness…
A composition which will be based on a “game” of creating a composition on the spot, without preparation, using: bricks, cards, stones, knots => sounds, words, gestures, colors.
Idea, artistic approach, visuals: V. Koutrouli & V. Trikoupis @ AstaroTheatro,
Saturday, September 10th during the FREE FRINGE FESTIVAL in Amsterdam
AstaroTheatro – Free Fringe Festival
Sint Jansstraat 37 Amsterdam
www.freefringefestivalamsterdam.com
All Events Free Entry
Friday 2nd September, 20:00
Saturday 3rd September, 14:00
[P]roteus (bis)
An AstaroTheatro Production for Free Fringe Festival 2016
@ DE VONDELBUNKER VondelPark Amsterdam
De Vondelbunker entrance is located at the furthest right entrance of the bridge
[P]roteus (bis)
by Zbigniew Maciak
inspired by the lost play ‘Proteus’ by Aeschylus
performed 458 BC together with ‘The Oresteia’
Directed by Zbigniew Maciak in collaboration with the actors
Proteus: Roberto Bacchilega
Silenus: Juan C. Tajes
Menelaus: Roberto Genta
Echo: Elephteria Vakaki
& the Chorus of Satyrs: Joost van Oosterhout and Arif Murat Gür
Recordings: Jonathan Brown
Barrels and Towers: Martina and Björn Gudmundson
Masks and Armour: Juan C. Tajes
Poster Design: Martin Hrdina
www.freefringefestivalamsterdam.com
Free Entry
AstaroTheatro June 2016
Saturday 4th June, 20:30
S a n a t o r i u m
Butoh performance inspired by The Fall by Albert Camus
Dance: Ezio Tangini
The performance is about the guiltiness, the one of the human soul.
“since we are all judges, we are all guilty before one another, all Christs in our cheap way, one by one crucified, always without knowing”.
Albert Camus
Entrance by donation
Sunday 5th June, 17.00 (matinee)
Ash in the Fire
Poetry is the language we all should speak. A common inspiration, shared passions, unconditioned love.
A poem is much more than a poem. Ash in the Fire is theatre, music, dance, total expression. It’s the fire burning inside of us. It’s a journey through human feelings.
Starting from the Turkish poems by Barış Bilgiç, a full performance is ready for the international audience, thanks to the English acting of Roberto Bacchilega, the dance of Nina Novak and the universal language of music of Onur Inel and Ata Güner.
Ash in the Fire speaks the words from our heart from Anatolia to the world.
Göğsümün göğünde, uçurtmalar uçuruyorum bide…
Kites fly in the sky of my chest
Barış Bilgiç Poems, Recitation
Roberto Bacchilega Recitation
Onur Inel Music and singing
Ata Güner Music
Nina Novak Dance, Choreography
Juan C. Tajes Masks
Özenç Hikmet Demirkan, Sharon Renee Stewart, Maria Wal Translations
Cihan Turhan/CT Studios Photography
Please note: AstaroTheatro is the smallest and most cosy theatre in Amsterdam.
Places are limited. Reservation is needed to be put on the guest list of Ash in the Fire
Contact: Roberto Bacchilega-AstaroTheatro info@ondaitaliana.org. Tel. 06 25382491
Admission: € 5 at the door
Friday 17 June, 20:30
Saturday 18 June, 20.30
ALLI MANA PÁ KEHO
A multi-language word performance on poetry, time, commemoration and the art of forgetting.
AstaroTheatro
Friday 17 and Saturday 18 June, 20:30
Sint Jansstraat 37 Amsterdam
“A human is alike the place he lives
alike the water, alike the soil of the place…
…alike its country…
And alike to its words”
“If I know that I have a place, just like a black stone,
a dry branch does, in this ash-colored earth” Mehmet Çetin
Anna Papagiannaki Divani (English)
Lisa Luca (Italian / Sicilian)
Vasiliki Koutrouli (Greek)
Arif Murat Gür (Turkish)
Simona Beltrami (French)
Roberto Bacchilega (Italian)
Silvia Terribili (Italian)
Alexandra Zoi (Greek)
Hüseyin Şahin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Mehmet Çetin (Kurdish / Turkish)
Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
With poems by: T.S. Eliot, Franco Battiato, Vasilis Trikoupis, Edip Cansever, Marguerite Yourcenar, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Katerina Angelaki-Rook, Edoardo Sanguineti, Spyros Vrettos and own poems by: Mehmet Çetin, Hüseyin Şahin and Silvia Terribili
With music by: Sewusen (Kurdish Music)
Alli Mana Pá K’eho
Entrance is by donation
Donations will support the Coordination of Social Solidarity Clinics and Pharmacies in Attika&Greece
Friday 24th June, 20.30
Shironuri 芸者 AgA Wi Ego
フィジカルシアター
Female art identity concept / physical theatre
Entrance by donation
AstaroTheatro May 2016
Friday 6th May, 20:30
Movement 2
Second from the serie Movement – Multidisciplinary art performance by Talasi Collective.
Talasi Collective invites artists, painters, drawers, photographers, and everyone else to come and experience art connections in our performance.
Aga will present dance and body movement.
Lidija will write stories about YOU, alive.
You are welcome to bring your own materials and tools and to DRAW our art game.
Join our creative process at AstaroTheatro.
Entrance by Donation
Saturday 14th May, 20:30
Track Club Party & The SOULution (Double Bill)
Track Club Party
Influence by all things 80’s& strong black coffee
Loud Abrasive and Often Reflective Indie Music
Now Acoustic at AstaroTheatro
Based in Amsterdam but from Glasgow & Lisbon, the two piece band perform loud, abrasive, and often reflective indie rock which isn’t too far removed from the UK sounds of the 80s and early 90s.
The SOULution
Soul cover band from Amsterdam:
Chelsea: vocals
Manu: keyboard
Stefano: guitar
Gaetano: bass
Federico: drums
Entrance by Donation
Saturday 21 May 20:00 and Sunday 22 May 17:00 (matinee)
Ash in the Fire
Poetry is the language we all should speak. A common inspiration, shared passions, unconditioned love.
A poem is much more than a poem. Ash in the Fire is theatre, music, dance, total expression. It’s the fire burning inside of us. It’s a journey through human feelings.
Starting from the Turkish poems by Barış Bilgiç, a full performance is ready for the international audience, thanks to the English acting of Roberto Bacchilega, the dance of Nina Novak and the universal language of music of Onur Inel and Ata Güner.
Ash in the Fire speaks the words from our heart from Anatolia to the world.
Göğsümün göğünde, uçurtmalar uçuruyorum bide…
Kites fly in the sky of my chest
Barış Bilgiç Poems, Recitation
Roberto Bacchilega Recitation
Onur Inel Music and singing
Ata Güner Music
Nina Novak Dance, Choreography
Juan C. Tajes Masks
Özenç Hikmet Demirkan, Sharon Renee Stewart, Maria Wal Translations
Cihan Turhan/CT Studios Photography
Please note: AstaroTheatro is the smallest and most cosy theatre in Amsterdam.
Places are limited. Reservation is needed to be put on the guest list of Ash in the Fire
Contact: Roberto Bacchilega-AstaroTheatro info@ondaitaliana.org. Tel. 06 25382491
Admission: € 5 at the door
AstaroTheatro April 2016
Friday 8th and Saturday 9th April, 20:30
I Corteggiatori – Amore a colpi di poesia
(AstaroTheatro in Italian)
Anche stasera lo spettacolo sta per iniziare ma…… uno spettacolo di poesia tutto dedicato all’amore. L’atmosfera è perfetta, il pubblico desideroso di ascoltare i versi poetici più belli del ‘900.
Vito entra in scena declamando le strofe di un suo componimento, ma…Carlo piomba sul palco deciso a suicidarsi: delusione d’amore!
Saranno la poesia, l’amicizia e la complicità maschile a dissuaderlo da questo disperato proposito, insieme alla nuova consapevolezza di poter ritrovare l’amore.
E ci riuscirà soprattutto per merito delle “cinque regole del corteggiamento”, fondamento, dogma e pilastro della famigerata fama di latin lover di Vito.
In Carlo esplode una ritrovata fiducia, grazie al palcoscenico, al pubblico,ma soprattuto alle donne presenti in sala. La lezione ha inizio, tutto sembra filare per il verso giusto, senonché….
Questo l’incipit di uno spettacolo nato con il desiderio di affrontare la comicità con eleganza e puro divertimento, dove poesia e umorismo si legano perfettamentein un gioco attorale continuo e ricco di colpi di scena.
I Corteggiatori è stato selezionato per “In Scena! Italian Theater Festival New York 2014”.
Ingresso Offerta Libera. Entrance by donation
Friday 29th April, 20:30
A Time for Silence
Carlos Trafic and Nader Farman
present
A TIME FOR SILENCE
A conference on Silence
inspired by
WHITE SPACES (Paul Auster)
A dance to be read out loud
performed by Nader Farman
directed by Carlos Trafic
“ I dedicate these words to the impossibility of finding a word equal to the silence inside me . . . “ P.Auster
This performance brings the character of Gunther Braun to lead a meditative effort, somewhat burlesque and humorous at times, on questions around silence , space , time, the possibilities and limitations of language, the real and the unreal, the mysterious and the obvious. Will Silence, the only territory that cannot be mapped, remain unexplored ? isn’t the beauty of silence simply being ?
Saturday 30th April, door open at 20:00. First act at 20:30
Rescue the Meaning! – OpenPodium at AstaroTheatro
Open podium with different artists from different backgrounds
Crazy acts > Sense, non-sense and sensation
Music, lounge, eat&drink. Bar is open, small buffet as well
Entrance by donation
Friday 18th March, 20:00
Documentaries at AstaroTheatro
Film&Debate
STATELESS – Shousha Refugee Camp (2012)
a film by Nunzio Gringeri and Mauro Mondello
February 15th, 2011. On the emotive waves of the tunisian and egyptian revolution hundreds of people take to the streets in Benghazi, in northeast Libya, to protest against the Muammar Gaddafi regime: this event began the struggle between Libya army loyal to Colonel Gaddafi and the rebel forces.
More than 30.000 people were killed during the 8 months civil war: the upheaval has caused a humanitarian emergency on the Tunisian border, where tens of thousands of foreign workers have fled. IOM, the International Organization for Migration estimates that 2.5 million migrant workers were in Libya before the crisis, a heavy footprint for a Libyan population of under seven million.
So begins the journey of Shousha refugees, men and women arrived at the border between Libya and Tunisia from the poorest countries in the world, escaping from poverty, war and ethnic persecution.
Shousha is an indefinite place. It is neither a village nor a city, you can’t find it on a map, you can not imagine that such forgotten place in the middle of the tunisian desert, just 9 km away from the Libyan border, hosts a tent city where thousands of people found refuge escaping from an unexpected war.
Since february 2011 up to now more than 600.000 people crossed the border between Libya and Tunisia, many of these people covered by walking, for days, the distance (130 kilometers) that separate Tripoli from the frontier post.
Today 4.000 people is still living in Shousha, persons coming from Darfur, from Eritrea, from Somalia, from Ethiopia, men and women forced to stay in the camp because their refugee status: they can’t come back in their home countries, because terrible wars are fought there, they can’t come back to Libya, they can’t stay in Tunisia. The only thing the can do is to continue resisting, waiting for the asylum application they sent to western countries, the only possibility to leave Shousha in legal way, to come back to a normal life.
Lampedusa in Berlin
a film by Mauro Mondello
In February 2013 the Italian government declares the end of the so-called “North Africa emergency”. Thousands of refugees are left alone, without jobs, food or housing. The government offers refugees 500 Euros and a special permit to travel through the Schengen area of Europe as an incentive to leave Italy. Many of them accept this sum and continue to live in Italy homeless. Some refugees move illegally to France. A few of them decide to reach Germany and then set up a protest camp in Berlin at Oranienplatz. Lampedusa in Berlin is the story of these human beings, struggling for their lives.
Saturday 26th March, door open at 20:00. First act at 20:30
Resist! – OpenPodium at AstaroTheatro
Open podium with different artists from different backgrounds
Crazy acts > Sense, non-sense and sensation.
Music, lounge, eat&drink. Entrance by donation
AstaroTheatro February 2016
Saturday 6th February, 20:30
Ell Sol at AstaroTheatro
Ell Sol (Joan Mena) is a Catalan performer-singer-songwriter whose intense, groundbreaking performances push the boundaries of contemporary music with the soul and sensibility of an artist looking to connect in deeper ways with his audiences. With songs sung primarily in his native Catalan, his lyrics transcend language with penetrating melodies and a familiar but unconventional delivery.
After more that 150 shows around Europe and West Africa and sharing stage with such an artist as Zea (The Ex) Eric Boros (Vialka) Howie Reeve or King Ayisoba (number one in Ghana) ELL SOL presents his very new work PWALUGU in Astaro Theatro this February 2016. A musical tribal trip of tendencies, explorations and rituals into an intense and acoustic set of songs.
Entrance by donation
Friday 12th Saturday 13th February, 20:30
A Time for Silence
Carlos Trafic and Nader Farman
present
A TIME FOR SILENCE
A conference on Silence
inspired by
WHITE SPACES (Paul Auster)
A dance to be read out loud
performed by Nader Farman
directed by Carlos Trafic
This performance brings the character of Gunther Braun to lead a meditative effort, somewhat burlesque and humorous at times, on questions around silence, space, time, the possibilities and limitations of language, the real and the unreal, the mysterious and the obvious. Will Silence, the only territory that cannot be mapped, remain unexplored? Isn’t the beauty of silence simply being?
Entrance € 5
Saturday 27th February, door open at 20:00. First act at 20:30
Ridiculous Boundaries – OpenPodium at AstaroTheatro
Open podium with different artists from different backgrounds
Crazy acts > Sense, non-sense and sensation
Music, lounge, eat&drink. Bar is open, small buffet as well
Entrance by donation
AstaroTheatro January 2016
Friday 15th Saturday 16th Sunday 17th January, 11:00 – 15:00
Butoh Dance Workshop Workshop led by Ezio Tangini
Dates: Friday 15th January 11,00 – 15,00
Saturday 16th January 11,00 – 15,00
Sunday 17th January 11,00 – 15,00
Presentation of the solos proposed by participants (session open to the public): Sunday 17th January 17,00
Costs: 80 euro for the entire workshop, 30 euro for one day
Info and registration: info@ondaitaliana.org Tel. 06 25382491
Contact: eziotangini@gmail.com www.inbetweenbutoh.com
AstaroTheatro Sint Jansstraat 37 Amsterdam
Tel. 0031 (0)6 25382491 info@ondaitaliana.org
CONTENTS OF THE WORKSHOP:
The work investigates the nature of the stage as a condition of its determination and manifestation. Matter and time are the fundamentals.
It involves an exercise of the state of the body focused on the exhalation, to allow to develop a state of widespread occurrence, organic, non-hierarchical. Breathing and relaxation are the basis of internal awareness of the performative action.
The breathing technique is the foundation of the performative application and It determines it. The workshop is addressed to everybody.
Friday 22nd January, 20:00
Stateless on Lesvos
A new film by Reel News about the incredible work being done on Lesvos.
This winter the refugee crisis will go into uncharted territory as tens of thousands will be stranded on Europe’s borders in sub zero temperatures and crossing a stormy Aegean Sea in flimsy dinghies. While EU leaders bicker over who is responsible, ordinary people are rising to the challenge of meeting the refugees needs.
Film&Debate
Saturday 23rd January, door open at 20:00. First act at 20:30
A Shelter for Body and Soul – OpenPodium at AstaroTheatro
Open podium with different artists from different backgrounds
Crazy acts > Sense, non-sense and sensation.
Music, lounge, eat&drink. Entrance by donation
Friday 29th January, 20:30
AstaroTheatro outside AstaroTheatro:
Marx is Back is performed at NieuwLand Pieter Nieuwlandstraat 93/95 www.nieuwland.cc
MARX IS BACK (a play on history)
“Why have I returned? to clear my name!”
AstaroTheatro presents a monologue by Howard Zinn adapted and performed by Roberto Bacchilega
Karl Marx has had enough of seeing his revolution taken over by opportunists organizing each time a new priesthood and a new hierarchy, with excommunications and indexes, with inquisitions and firing squads. He is disgusted by media declaring him dead again and again. Karl Marx is back to remind us that his ideas are more alive than ever. He revisits memories of his courageous life and revolutionary theories. We learn about his family, his struggles and the boils on his arse.
Saturday 30th January (starts late afternoon)
Odd Birth to Love Party
Party & Gift
Tenedle Odd to Love Performance
a Tribute to Emily Dickinson
Tenedle Music and Vocals
Roberto Bacchilega Reading